Apart from poor egg quality, there are dozens of conditions that can potentially cause female infertility. In many cases, the problems can be medically or bypassed through assisted reproductive techniques. The most common causes of infertility in women are Ovulation and Hormonal Disorders

      Dysfunctional uterine Bleeding is the prime cause of the woman’s ovaries not producing eggs. Polycystic ovarian disease is a hormonally based, very common condition characterized by scanty or absence menstruation. The disease usually forms multiple cysts in the ovaries. Thyroid disorders also impair fertility. Egg production diminishes because of age, other hormonal imbalances or other problems

Pelvic inflammatory disease and tubal block

      Pelvic Inflammatory Disease is the major cause of infertility worldwide. PID includes a variety of infections caused by different bacteria that can affect the uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries, appendix, parts of the intestine that lie in the pelvic area, or, in the worst case, the entire pelvic area causing peritonitis. The sites of infection most often implicated in infertility are in the fallopian tubes, a condition known as salpingitis. Infection of the reproductive tract are usually caused by a sexually transmitted diseases, tuberculosis and chlamydiasis.They can also stem from a miscarriage, abortion and childbirth. Severe or frequent attacks of PID can eventually cause scarring, abscess formation and tubal damage that result in infertility

Tumors

      Fibroids can interfere with embryo implantation or fetal growth. High levels of oestrogen seem to stimulate growth of fibroid tumors; heredity may also be a factor in their development. Endometriosis is estimated in many cases. This disorder develops when fragments of the endometrial lining are implanted in other areas of the pelvis. These endometrial implants respond to hormonal changes, slowly increasing in number and size with each menstrual cycle and eventually causing scarring and inflammation. Endometrial implanted in the ovaries or fallopian tubes are particularly likely to cause infertility, even if the endometriosis is mild.

Pelvic adhesions are usually caused by surgery or infection. Pelvic adhesions are the scar tissues that are formed between two or more internal organs. Infertility can occur when the adhesions attach to the ovaries or fallopian tubes.

Bands of scar tissue that bind together after abdominal surgery or infection can restrict the movement of ovaries and fallopian tubes and may cause infertility. Laparoscopic surgery is less likely to cause adhesions than standard open surgery

Auto immunity

      Immunological infertility is sometimes diagnosed when the woman's immune system produces "anti-sperm antibodies" that attack her partner's sperm.

Implantation Failure

      Luteal phase defect is a general term referring to problems in the corpus luteum that result in inadequate production of progesterone. As progesterone is necessary for thickening and preparing the uterine lining, the ovum fails to implant in the endometrium successfully. Younger women who experience recurrent spontaneous abortions have a luteal phase defect. Frequent abortions may impair a woman's fertility. The cervix weakens and is unable to sustain a pregnancy. Scar tissue may be formed inside the uterine cavity after multiple abortions resulting in a closed uterus. Infertility, therefore, results from implantation failure.

Life style

      Although most of the woman's estrogen is manufactured in her ovaries, minimum is produced in fat cells. Because a normal hormonal balance is essential for the process of conception, it is not surprising that extreme weight levels, either high or low, can contribute to infertility especially if their periods are irregular. A correlation has been found between caffeine consumption and infertility. Caffeine is found not only in coffee but also in tea, many soft drinks, chocolate, and a number of common medications can impair conception and also have adverse effects on the developing fetus. Sexual practices such as having multiple partners, not using condoms and having intercourse during a period increases the risk. The sexually transmitted organisms cause pelvic inflammatory disease leading to infertility. Psychologic factors may be a contributing risk factor for infertility. One interesting small study reported a significantly higher incidence of pregnancy loss in women who experienced both high stress and prolonged menstrual cycles. Depression may have a direct effect on hormones that regulate reproduction.